What is the recommended dosage for Vitamin D?

General: 600-800 IU/day; Deficiency Correction: 4,000-5,000 IU/day (under medical supervision); Cardiovascular Support: 1,000-2,000 IU/day

What are the side effects of Vitamin D?

Potential side effects include: Hypercalcemia at very high doses (fatigue, nausea, kidney stones), Constipation, Generally very safe at recommended doses.

What is vitamin D and how may it relate to cardiovascular health?

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin with receptors in heart and vascular tissue. Observational studies consistently link vitamin D deficiency with increased cardiovascular risk. However, large RCTs including VITAL have not demonstrated that vitamin D supplementation reduces cardiovascular events in the general population.

What dosage of vitamin D has been studied for cardiovascular outcomes?

Clinical trials have used 1,000–4,000 IU of vitamin D3 per day for cardiovascular endpoints. The VITAL trial used 2,000 IU daily for over 5 years. Correcting deficiency (25-OH-D below 20 ng/mL) appears more important than supplementing adequate levels. Dosing should be guided by blood testing.

What are the potential side effects of vitamin D supplements?

Vitamin D is generally safe at recommended doses. Excessive intake can cause hypercalcemia, leading to nausea, kidney stones, and cardiac arrhythmias. Vitamin D may interact with certain heart medications including digoxin (hypercalcemia risk) and thiazide diuretics. Blood calcium levels should be monitored at high supplemental doses.

Vitamin D
Vitamin D

vitamin

Juga dikenal sebagai: Cholecalciferol (D3), Ergocalciferol (D2), Calciferol, Calcidiol

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About

Vitamin D binds to receptors on cardiomyocytes, vascular smooth muscle, and endothelial cells, regulating calcium handling and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Observational studies show deficiency (<20 ng/mL) is associated with 50-80% increased cardiovascular risk, though the VITAL trial (25,871 participants) found supplementation did not significantly reduce major cardiovascular events.

How It Works

Binds to vitamin D receptors (VDR) on cardiomyocytes, vascular smooth muscle, and endothelial cells regulating calcium handling and contractile function; modulates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) — deficiency upregulates renin contributing to hypertension; suppresses vascular inflammation via NF-kB inhibition; supports endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression.

Evidence For Conditions

Kondisi	Peringkat	Studi	Peserta
High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)	C	20	30000	Lihat →
Heart Failure	C	6	3000	Lihat →

Side Effects

Hypercalcemia at very high doses (fatigue, nausea, kidney stones)
Constipation
Generally very safe at recommended doses

Drug & Supplement Interactions

Thiazide diuretics (may increase hypercalcemia risk)
Statins (theoretical interaction via CYP enzymes)
Corticosteroids (may reduce vitamin D absorption)
Weight loss medications (may reduce absorption of fat-soluble vitamins)

Selalu informasikan kepada tenaga kesehatan Anda tentang semua suplemen yang Anda konsumsi.Selalu informasikan penyedia layanan kesehatan Anda tentang semua suplemen yang Anda konsumsi.

Related Ingredients

Vitamin K2 Niacin (Vitamin B3) Folate (Vitamin B9) Vitamin E

Fakta Singkat

Dosis: General: 600-800 IU/day; Deficiency_Correction: 4,000-5,000 IU/day (under medical supervision); Cardiovascular_Support: 1,000-2,000 IU/day
Bentuk Sediaan: capsule softgel liquid drops tablet gummy
Sumber Alami: Sunlight (UVB synthesis), Fatty fish (salmon, mackerel), Egg yolks, Fortified milk, UV-exposed mushrooms
Batas Atas: 4,000 IU/day (100 mcg)
Waktu Terbaik: With a meal containing fat for better absorption

Ringkasan Bukti

High Blood Pressure (Hypertension) C

Heart Failure C

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